Competitive swimming training and nutrition guide: sprint and endurance distance strategies, start and turn technique, competition-day nutrition, supplements for swimmers and recovery protocols.

Competitive swimming covers distances from 50 m (20–30 sec.) to 1500 m (15+ min.). Different distances require completely different energy systems and training methods.
| Distance | Dominant energy system | Time (elite) | Strategy |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m | ATP-CP (90%+ anaerobic) | 20–25 sec. | Maximal power, no breaths (0–2) |
| 100 m | Anaerobic glycolytic | 47–55 sec. | First 50 m controlled, second 50 m — all out |
| 200 m | Mixed (anaerobic + aerobic) | 1:45–2:00 | Negative split — second 100 m faster |
| 400 m+ | Mostly aerobic | 3:45+ | Even pace, finishing sprint in the last 50 m |
| Supplement | Benefit | Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Creatine | Sprint power (50–100 m events) | 3–5 g/d |
| Beta-alanine | Delays fatigue, buffers pH | 3–6 g/d |
| Whey protein | Recovery between sessions | 25–35 g |
| Omega-3 | Shoulder joint health, reducing inflammation | 2–3 g/d |
| Caffeine | CNS stimulation before the start | 3–6 mg/kg |